SIMULATION OF THE ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD INSIDE THE ALPHA-G ANTIHYDROGEN TRAP

The apparent scarcity of antimatter—the counterpart to matter—represents one of the most profound mysteries in modern physics. Theoretical considerations suggest that equal amounts of matter and antimatter were produced in the early universe, and the fundamental laws of physics make no intrinsic distinction between the two. Nevertheless, the observable universe appears to be overwhelmingly composed of ordinary matter, a phenomenon that has motivated extensive research worldwide, particularly at leading facilities such as CERN (the European Organization for Nuclear Research).
A prominent effort in this area is the ALPHA Experiment at CERN, which has achieved significant progress in the trapping, cooling, and microwave spectroscopy of antihydrogen. Central to these studies is the Alpha-g apparatus, a vertical magnetic trap for antimatter that enables high-precision experiments, including microwave spectroscopy of antihydrogen atoms and investigations of gravitational effects on antimatter. The complex geometries of the Penning traps within the Alpha-g apparatus make it extremely challenging to develop an exact analytical model of the electromagnetic fields following the injection of microwave signals. This project attempts to address this challenge by developing a computational simulation of the electromagnetic fields within the antihydrogen trap, providing a foundation for more precise studies.