Search for Higgs bosons and for Supersymmetric particles at particle collider experiments

The corner stone of the Standard Model (SM) of Particle Physics is the Higgs mechanism. It explains how the bosons W, Z and H acquire a mass via weak interactions. In addition it explains how the charged fermions also acquire a mass through Yukawa interactions. And on top of this, it regularizes the scattering of longitudinal W and Z bosons at high energy. The discovery of a Higgs boson by the ATLAS and the CMS collaborations in 2012 marked the culminating success of the SM at explaining most of the known phenomena. However a few other phenomena such as the Dark Matter and the Dark energy cannot be explained by the SM particles. What's more, the SM leaves several open questions such as a quest for a quantum theory for gravity, the naturalness in the Higgs sector, a possible Grand Unification,... The common thread in topics presented in this habilitation thesis is the search for manifestations of a TeV scale supersymmetric (SUSY) extension of the Standard Model at particle collider experiments. Among the predictions of such models is the presence of a light Higgs boson as well as the presence of SUSY partners of the SM particles. In the first part of this document I remind the structure of the SM and the MSSM, its minimal supersymmetric extension. In the second part I relate searches for Higgs bosons to which I participated in the L3 experiment for the LEP Run2. In the third part I report a search for SUSY partciles at the TEVATRON Run2 using the D0 detector. In the fourth part I report on recent works concentrating on the ATLAS experiment at the LHC Run1. Firstly, I report on an analysis that uses the Higgs boson as a probe to search for SUSY, secondly I present a new method that I designed for some indirect mass measurements using their production integral charge asymmetry at the LHC.